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Spatial and temporal patterns of chloride deposition in Southern Sweden
Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6600-3122
IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
2000 (English)In: Water, Air and Soil Pollution, ISSN 0049-6979, E-ISSN 1573-2932, Vol. 124, no 3-4, p. 345-369Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Monthly bulk deposition of chloride at 49 stations in Southern Sweden between 1989 and 1995 was used to produce quarterly and annual deposition maps through ordinary block kriging. Generally, deposition decreases from the west coast and eastward and displays a large annual variation, governed by the frequency and intensity of midlatitude cyclones. The 1st quarter dominates the temporal pattern all years except 1992. The 4th quarter is the second most important and the 2nd and 3rd quarters have generally low deposition. The spatial deposition maximum was often displaced from the west coast to the western fringe of the South Swedish highland, due to orographic enhancement of precipitation. On the western rise of the highland, deposition almost entirely co-variates with precipitation. On the west coast and in the eastern part of Southern Sweden, the temporal pattern is a more complex result of precipitation and frequency of strong westerlies. Comparing the quarterly total dataset with precipitation and frequency of westerly gales shows that both the 3rd and 4th quarters have higher mean precipitation than the 1st quarter, but lower deposition, while the second quarter has substantially lower precipitation but almost equal deposition to the 3rd quarter. The frequency of westerly gales shows a clearer, linear relationship to quarterly deposition. The 1st quarter has the highest variability in deposition and precipitation as well as in frequency of westerly gales. The importance of single highly salt laden cyclones to the annual deposition is obvious in the 1st quarter of 1993. Changes in cyclone activity due to climate change is therefore of vital importance for the chemical characteristics of the midlatitude atmosphere.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL , 2000. Vol. 124, no 3-4, p. 345-369
Keywords [en]
chloride, climate, deposition, geostatistics, kriging, pattern, Sweden
National Category
Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-17139DOI: 10.1023/A:1005261417707ISI: 000165384100008Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-0034552099OAI: oai:DiVA.org:vti-17139DiVA, id: diva2:1748583
Available from: 2023-04-03 Created: 2023-04-03 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved

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Gustafsson, Mats

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