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MICA2: Modelling Interaction between Cyclists and Automobiles 2
Chalmers, Sweden.
Volvo Cars.
Chalmers, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6868-8364
Veoneer, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3255-1267
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2023 (English)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

FFI-projektet MICA (180401-191231) visade hur förarmodeller kan hjälpa automatiska bromssystem att bli smartare och aktiveras mer effektivt utan att kompromissa med föraracceptans. MICA2 har haft ett brett fokus på hela omkörningen då både aktiva och passiva säkerhetssystem har utvecklats och testats i projektet:

  • Försäkringsdata och olycksdatabaser har analyserats för att identifiera olycksscenarion och olycksmekanismer för alla faser i omkörningen.
  • Flera beteendemodeller har utvecklats för att hantera hela omkörningsmanövern vid simuleringar. Modellerna tar hänsyn till både förarens objektiva säkerhet, cyklistens perspektiv på situationen och den upplevda säkerheten för alla involverade trafikanter.
  • Modellerna har använts för att utveckla och analysera aktivering av automatisk bromsning och -styrning i kritiska omkörningssituationer.
  • Externa krockkuddar och expanderbara metallstrukturer för personbilar som kan lindra skadeutfallet hos cyklister har utvecklats och testats.
  • En effektanalys av systemen har genomförts som visade att expanderbar metallstruktur på en bil kan minska risken för moderata/svåra huvudskador från 69% till 9%. Dessutom bedömdes att ett AEB-system med MICA2-modeller skulle kunna undvika 20% av omkörningsolyckorna helt.
  • Nya metoder för datainsamling har utvecklats - som ger helt nya möjligheter att generera och verifiera beteendemodeller och att jämföra olika testmiljöer. Data har samlats in i både cykel- och körsimulatorer. Vidare har virtual realtity använts i ett experiment på provbana utan att äventyra deltagarnas säkerhet. Dessutom, genom att väva ihop indata från olika kamerasystem, har unika naturalistiska data samlats in med motorfordonsförare som kör om cyklister i verklig trafik.

Resultaten från MICA2 gör det möjligt att utveckla nya säkerhetssystem, ger ny input till utveckling av experimentella procedurer i Euro NCAP och främjar säker interaktion mellan automatiserade fordon och cyklister.

Abstract [en]

While the FFI-project MICA (180401-191231) showed how driver models can help automated emergency braking systems become smarter and activate more effectively without compromising acceptability, the MICA2 project addressed the safety of the whole overtaking manoeuvre by developing and testing prototypical active and passive safety systems.

Insurance claims databases and crash databases were analysed to determine the crash scenarios and crash-causation mechanisms for each overtaking phase. Several behavioural models were developed to address the whole overtaking manoeuvre. These models were not limited to the driver’s objective safety but also considered the cyclist’s perspective and the perceived safety of the different road-users. The models were used for the activation of automated emergency braking and automated emergency steering. In addition, external airbags and expandable metal structures were developed and tested in the project. The project also performed a safety assessment on the systems. For instance, the expandable metal structure from Autoliv reduced the AIS2+ head injury risk from 69% to 9%. In addition, an AEB system using MICA2 models, was able to avoid 20% of the crashes.

New methodologies for data collection were developed in the project, providing unprecedented data that was used to generate and verify the behavioural models as well as to compare different test-environments. Data was collected from riding and driving simulators. Further, virtual reality was employed in a test-track experiment to warrant the repeatability and safety of critical overtaking manoeuvres. Finally, by stitching several camera systems together, we collected unique naturalistic data showing how drivers overtake cyclists in the real world.

The results from MICA2 not only enabled new safety systems, but they also provided a fresh input for the development of experimental protocols in Euro NCAP and the promotion of a safe interaction between automated vehicle and cyclists. Two PhD students graduated within MICA2. Further, the project produced more than 15 journal papers and conference contributions. Dissemination also included events in the SAFER network and a final even where the prototypical active and passive safety systems were demonstrated on the airfield in Vårgårda.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Vinnova , 2023. , p. 74
Series
FFI
National Category
Vehicle and Aerospace Engineering Applied Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-20931OAI: oai:DiVA.org:vti-20931DiVA, id: diva2:1859667
Available from: 2024-05-22 Created: 2024-05-22 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved

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Sandin, Jesper

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