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Waldemarson, AndreasORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-7024-9395
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Publications (10 of 15) Show all publications
Zhu, J., Ahmed, A. W., Dinegdae, Y. & Waldemarson, A. (2026). Investigation on Ageing Behaviour of Bio-Extended Bituminous Binders and Asphalt Mixtures for Sustainable Road Infrastructure. In: Ciaran McNally; Páraic Carroll; Beatriz Martinez-Pastor; Bidisha Ghosh; Marina Efthymiou; Nikolaos Valantasis-Kanellos (Ed.), Transport Transitions: Advancing Sustainable and Inclusive Mobility: Proceedings of the 10th TRA Conference, 2024, Dublin, Ireland, Volume 5: Smart Resilient Infrastructure. Paper presented at 10th Transport Research Arena (TRA) Conference, Dublin, Ireland, April 15-18, 2024. (pp. 358-364). Springer
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Investigation on Ageing Behaviour of Bio-Extended Bituminous Binders and Asphalt Mixtures for Sustainable Road Infrastructure
2026 (English)In: Transport Transitions: Advancing Sustainable and Inclusive Mobility: Proceedings of the 10th TRA Conference, 2024, Dublin, Ireland, Volume 5: Smart Resilient Infrastructure / [ed] Ciaran McNally; Páraic Carroll; Beatriz Martinez-Pastor; Bidisha Ghosh; Marina Efthymiou; Nikolaos Valantasis-Kanellos, Springer, 2026, p. 358-364Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This paper investigates the use of a plant-based bio-oil in bituminous binders as a partial replacement of petroleum-based bitumen for asphalt mixtures. Its effects on the ageing behaviour of bituminous binders and asphalt mixtures are studied. A total of six bituminous binders and their asphalt mixtures were prepared and analysed in laboratory, including three different binder formulations with varying percentages of bio-oil and their respective reference binders. Both the bituminous binders and asphalt mixtures were subjected to ageing protocols in laboratory. Softening point test, rheological and dynamic mechanical analyses were conducted to evaluate the changes in properties of the materials before and after ageing. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of aged binders and mixtures show very similar relationships as between the fresh materials, but the relationships after ageing are at changed levels due to the laboratory conditioning. This supports further studies to verify their functional performance in asphalt pavements.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer, 2026
Series
Lecture Notes in Mobility, ISSN 2196-5544, E-ISSN 2196-5552
Keywords
Asphalt Pavement, Bio-Bitumen, Bio-Asphalt, Ageing, Pavement Material, Road Infrastructure
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-20340 (URN)10.1007/978-3-032-04774-8_53 (DOI)2-s2.0-105017964243 (Scopus ID)
Conference
10th Transport Research Arena (TRA) Conference, Dublin, Ireland, April 15-18, 2024.
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, 2021/79537Vinnova, 2022-00166Svenska Byggbranschens Utvecklingsfond (SBUF)
Note

10th Transport Research Arena (TRA) Conference, Dublin, Ireland, April 15-18, 2024.

Available from: 2024-02-21 Created: 2024-02-21 Last updated: 2025-10-20Bibliographically approved
Rahman, M. S., Ahmed, A. W., Erlingsson, S. & Waldemarson, A. (2025). Effect of particle size distributions on the performance of unbound granular materials. In: Lukas Eberhardsteiner; Bernhard Hofko; Ronald Blab (Ed.), Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction IV: . Paper presented at 4th International Conference on Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction (AM3P 2025), Vienna, Austria, May 7-9, 2025. (pp. 508-511). TU Wien
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effect of particle size distributions on the performance of unbound granular materials
2025 (English)In: Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction IV / [ed] Lukas Eberhardsteiner; Bernhard Hofko; Ronald Blab, TU Wien , 2025, p. 508-511Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Particle size distribution (PSD) is a crucial factor influencing the mechanical behavior of unbound granular materials (UGMs). It also governs the drainage properties, as well as moisture and frost susceptibility, of UGMs. Therefore, optimizing the PSD is essential to achieve the desired properties for use in pavement structures. In this study, seven different PSDs of a crushed rock aggregate were evaluated for mechanical performance using repeated load triaxial (RLT) tests. Three of the PSDs were designed based on the widely used Fuller-Thompson equation, employing different shape factors. The other three were open-graded, drainable types intended for permeable pavements. The final PSD was generated using an optimization method originally developed for asphalt concrete mixtures. The RLT tests were conducted at the optimal moisture content and at 95% of the maximum dry density for each PSD, determined through the modified Proctor method. The analysis focused on the resilient modulus and resistance to permanent deformation for each PSD. The results demonstrated that the well-graded PSD with grading coefficient, n = 0.45 exhibited the highest resilient modulus and the greatest resistance to permanent deformation. The amount of fines influenced performance significantly: an excess of fines, as well as their removal to create drainable materials, negatively impacted mechanical behavior. Additionally, the maximum particle size also showed some effect. The optimization method applied in this study did not perform well, highlighting the need for further refinement of the approach for implementation in UGMs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
TU Wien, 2025
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-22143 (URN)10.34726/9259 (DOI)
Conference
4th International Conference on Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction (AM3P 2025), Vienna, Austria, May 7-9, 2025.
Note

Research funding provided by BVFF - the Swedish industry program for research, development and innovations in road and railway construction and maintenance.

Available from: 2025-08-28 Created: 2025-08-28 Last updated: 2025-12-04Bibliographically approved
Zhu, J., Ahmed, A. W., Dinegdae, Y., Waldemarson, A., Lu, X., Witkiewicz, P. & Olsson, K. (2025). Long-term performance of asphalt mixtures containing bio-extended bituminous binders: laboratory investigation and accelerated pavement testing. Paper presented at 11th Conference of the European Asphalt Technology Association (EATA), Ancona, Italy, June 10-12, 2025.. Road Materials and Pavement Design, 26(Supplement 1), 135-152
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Long-term performance of asphalt mixtures containing bio-extended bituminous binders: laboratory investigation and accelerated pavement testing
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2025 (English)In: Road Materials and Pavement Design, ISSN 1468-0629, E-ISSN 2164-7402, Vol. 26, no Supplement 1, p. 135-152Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Bio-extended bituminous binders were formulated with tall oil pitch (TOP). Their corresponding asphalt mixtures were prepared. Various laboratory tests and full-scale accelerated pavement testing (APT) were conducted to evaluate their long-term performance. It is indicated that, at 25°C, the aged bio-extended 70/100 binder with 5% TOP had similar fatigue resistance to its reference. At 10°C, the aged bio-extended 160/220 binder with 21% TOP was marginally less resistant to fatigue at small strains. The asphalt mixture with bio-extended 160/220 binder had higher stiffness at 10°C and similar water sensitivity to its reference. Although the aged mixture with bio-extended binder showed higher strength to resist cracks at 5°C, it was more brittle, leading to faster crack propagation. After further moisture conditioning, the mixture became weaker but less brittle. The full-scale APT indicated that the section with bio-extended binders was more resistant to permanent deformation. Overall, the results suggest potential for larger-scale testing.  

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2025
Keywords
Bio-bitumen, bio-asphalt, bio-oil, tall oil pitch, long-term performance, accelerated pavement testing
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-21902 (URN)10.1080/14680629.2025.2482845 (DOI)001451984200001 ()2-s2.0-105000989292 (Scopus ID)
Conference
11th Conference of the European Asphalt Technology Association (EATA), Ancona, Italy, June 10-12, 2025.
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, TRV 2021/79537Vinnova, 2022-00166
Available from: 2025-04-03 Created: 2025-04-03 Last updated: 2026-03-17Bibliographically approved
Zhu, J., Ahmed, A. W., Witkiewicz, P., Waldemarson, A., Olsson, K., Lu, X. & Jelagin, D. (2025). Långsiktiga egenskaper och klimatavtryck av asfaltmassor med biobindemedel: Laboratoriestudie och livscykelanalys. Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Långsiktiga egenskaper och klimatavtryck av asfaltmassor med biobindemedel: Laboratoriestudie och livscykelanalys
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2025 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Long-term performance and climate impact of asphalt mixtures with bio-binder : Laboratory study and life-cycle analysis
Abstract [sv]

Bioasfalt med biobindemedel, där ett förnybart bindemedel delvis ersätter petroleumbitumen, är en lovande lösning för att minska asfaltbranschens fossilberoende och klimatpåverkan. Denna studie har undersökt hur ett förnybart bindemedel påverkar asfaltmassors långsiktiga egenskaper och klimatavtryck. Studien fokuserade på biobindemedel innehållande talloljebeck och ett polymermodifierat bitumen (PMB) med biogen komponent som alternativ till konventionella bituminösa bindemedel. Metoderna i denna studie omfattar laboratorieprovningar av bindemedel och asfaltmassor, inklusive åldring, reologi, utmattning, sprickmotstånd och vattenkänslighet. En livscykelanalys har genomförts också för att bedöma klimatpåverkan från råvaruutvinning till beläggning (byggskedet, livscykelfaser A1-A5 enligt europeiska standarder för hållbarhet hos byggnadsverk), med särskild hänsyn till biogen koldioxid (del av livscykelfaser C/D enligt de europeiska standarderna). Resultaten visar att biobindemedel med talloljebeck uppfyller tekniska krav för bituminösa bindemedel. Vid högre blandningsgrad av talloljebeck kan dock sprödhet och minskat utmattningsmotstånd hos asfaltmassa uppstå vid låga temperaturer efter åldring. PMB med biogen komponent visade god prestanda. Livscykelanalysen visar att biobindemedel marginellt ökar fossil Global Warming Potential, men redovisning av biogen koldioxid enligt en alternativ metod kunde halvera den totala klimatpåverkan. Denna studie visar att biobindemedel har potential att bidra till mer hållbara asfaltbeläggningar. För fortsatt utveckling rekommenderas fullskaliga försök, samt vidare forskning kring åldring, återanvändning, alternativt vidhäftningsmedel och standardisering av klimatredovisning för biogena material i asfalt.

Abstract [en]

Bio-asphalt with bio-extended bituminous binder, where a renewable binder partially replaces petroleum bitumen, is a promising solution to reduce the asphalt industry’s fossil dependence and climate impact. This study has investigated how a bio-binder affects the long-term performance and climate impact of asphalt mixtures. The study focused on bio-extended bituminous binders containing Tall Oil Pitch (TOP) and a polymer-modified bitumen (PMB) with a biogenic component as alternatives to conventional bituminous binders. The methods in this study include laboratory testing of binders and asphalt mixtures, such as ageing, rheology, fatigue, cracking resistance and water sensitivity. A life cycle assessment (LCA) has also been carried out to assess the climate impact from raw material extraction to pavement (construction stage, life cycle phases A1-A5 according to European standards for sustainability of construction works), with a special consideration of biogenic carbon (part of life cycle phases C/D according to the European standards). The results show that bio[1]extended binders with TOP meet technical requirements for bituminous binders. However, at a higher TOP content, brittleness and reduced fatigue resistance of asphalt mixtures can occur at low temperatures after ageing. The PMB with a biogenic component showed good performance. The LCA shows that bio-extended binders marginally increase the fossil Global Warming Potential, but biogenic carbon accounting according to an alternative method could halve the total climate impact. This study shows that bio-extended binders have the potential to contribute to more sustainable asphalt pavements. For continued development, full-scale trials are recommended, as well as further research on ageing, reuse, alternative adhesion promoter and standardisation of climate accounting for biogenic materials in asphalt.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, 2025. p. 111
Series
VTI rapport, ISSN 0347-6030 ; 1241
Keywords
Bio-asphalt, bio-binder, Tall Oil Pitch, polymer-modified bitumen, long-term performance, ageing, climate impact, life cycle assessment, Bioasfalt, biobindemedel, talloljebeck, polymermodifierat bitumen, långsiktiga egenskaper, åldring, klimatavtryck, livscykelanalys
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-22144 (URN)
Projects
Utvärdering av långsiktiga egenskaper och klimatavtryck av asfaltmassor med returasfalt och biobindemedel / Evaluation of long-term performance and climate impact for asphalt mixtures with reclaimed asphalt and bio-based binder
Funder
Swedish Transport AdministrationSvenska Byggbranschens Utvecklingsfond (SBUF)Vinnova
Available from: 2025-08-29 Created: 2025-08-29 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved
Kuttah, D. K. & Waldemarson, A. (2024). Next generation gravel road profiling: The potential of advanced UAV drone in comparison with road surface tester and rotary laser levels. Transportation Engineering, 17(September), Article ID 100260.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Next generation gravel road profiling: The potential of advanced UAV drone in comparison with road surface tester and rotary laser levels
2024 (English)In: Transportation Engineering, E-ISSN 2666-691X, Vol. 17, no September, article id 100260Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Over the last decades, significant progress has been made and new approaches have been proposed for efficient collection of road condition data. Gravel roads are crucial for connecting urban and rural areas in Sweden, constituting a significant portion of the road network. Therefore, this study addresses the use of a developed Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based digital imaging system focusing on efficient collection of surface condition data over gravel roads.

The study focuses on in-situ profile measurements of a gravel road located in Trosa, Sweden, using three different profiling methods: UAV drone with RTK technology, Road Surface Tester (RST), and Rotary Laser Level (RLL) to explore the agreement between these methods.

The UAV drone, equipped with Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) technology, captures high-resolution images to produce detailed 3D surface models, overcoming the challenges posed by adverse weather conditions. Notable outcomes reveal RTK technology's stability, maintaining a steady 3D position accuracy below 2 cm. To enhance synchronization and comparison between different profiling methods, efforts should be made to standardize coordinate systems and measurement analysis software.

Minimum average absolute differences of 1.1 cm, 1 cm, and 0.7 cm were recorded for all profiles (from 1 m left to 1 m right of the road centerline) in the comparisons between UAV drone – RST, UAV drone – RLL, and RST – RLL methods, respectively. This underlines the significant advancement in UAV drone technology, enabling remarkably accurate measurements of vertical offsets for profiling the tested gravel road despite the high altitude at which the UAV drone operates. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024
Keywords
Gravel roads, Profile measurements, Road surface tester, Rotary laser level, UAV drone with RTK technology
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-21132 (URN)10.1016/j.treng.2024.100260 (DOI)2-s2.0-85200708953 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Vinnova
Note

Research funding provided by VTI and Vinnovavia the InfraSweden program.

Available from: 2024-08-16 Created: 2024-08-16 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved
Rahman, S., Waldemarson, A. & Ahmed, A. (2022). Evaluation of conditioning methods for the determination of water sensitivity of asphalt concrete mixtures: comparison of MIST, SS-EN 12697-12:2018 (Method A) and TDOK 2017:0650. Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Evaluation of conditioning methods for the determination of water sensitivity of asphalt concrete mixtures: comparison of MIST, SS-EN 12697-12:2018 (Method A) and TDOK 2017:0650
2022 (English)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Utvärdering av konditioneringsmetoder för bestämning av vattenkänslighet för asfaltbeläggningar
Abstract [en]

Water or moisture in different physical states is a major factor that contributes to various forms of damages in asphalt concrete (AC) pavements. For pavement design and maintenance, it is essential to evaluate the AC mixtures with respect to water/ moisture damage susceptibility. In Sweden, this is currently done according to the Swedish standard (TDOK 2017:0650) or alternatively can be done according to the European standard (SS-EN 12697-12). However, these methods are time consuming, and they do not simulate the pumping action of water due to passing wheels. On the other hand, the Moisture Induced Sensitivity Test (MIST) is intended to be a quick method that applies cyclic pore pressure to simulate the repeated pumping action of water. However, it is a relatively new approach that has not yet been properly studied for Swedish conditions and yet to be standardized in Europe. 

In this project, the MIST, TDOK and the EN methods were evaluated using five different AC mixes. Results showed that the MIST with 12,000 cycles and the TDOK method have comparable and the strongest effect on the stiffness properties. MIST with 3,500 and 7,000 cycles and the EN method showed identical and relatively weak impact of water. MIST also indicated the changes of the indirect tensile strengths of the specimens. However, compared to the TDOK or EN methods, the changes in the indirect tensile strengths due to MIST conditioning were smaller. Overall, MIST was concluded to be a quicker, more convenient and a more realistic alternative. Comparing the various mixes with respect to moisture sensitivity, binder content and air voids showed great influences. The specimens with cut surfaces were less affected by moisture conditioning. The addition of amine additives significantly improved the resistance to moisture damage of the mixes. Generally, the results of this study formed the basis for further development of the EN and TDOK method as well as standardizing the MIST conditioning method in Europe.

Abstract [sv]

Vatten och fukt är en av faktorerna som bidrar till olika former av skador i asfaltbeläggningar (AC). Vid val och kvalitetskontroll av beläggning är det viktigt att utvärdera den med avseende på vattenkänslighet. I Sverige görs detta för närvarande enligt den svenska standarden (TDOK 2017: 0650) och i Europa enligt den europeiska standarden (SS-EN 12697-12). Dessa metoder är emellertid tidskrävande och de simulerar inte vattnets dynamiska portryck i beläggningen som uppkommer när hjul passerar över. En ny metod, Moisture Induced Sensitivity Test (MIST) är en snabb metod som inducerar cykliskt portryck i provkroppen för att simulera pumpning av vatten i en beläggning. Metoden har ännu inte studerats ordentligt för svenska förhållanden och den är ännu inte en standardiserad metod i Europa. 

I detta projekt utvärderades MIST-, TDOK- och EN-metoderna med hjälp av fem olika asfaltmassor. Resultaten visade att MIST med 12 000 cykler och TDOK-metoden gav jämförbara och starkaste effekter på styvhetsegenskaperna. MIST med 3 500 och 7 000 cykler och EN-metoden visade identisk och relativt svag inverkan av vattenkonditionering. MIST indikerade också förändringarna av provens indirekta hållfasthet. Men jämfört med TDOK- eller EN-metoderna var förändringarna i indirekt hållfasthet på grund av MIST-konditionering mindre. Sammantaget verkade MIST vara en snabbare, lättare och mer realistisk metod än de övriga metoderna för att utvärdera vattenkänslighet hos asfaltsbeläggningar. Bland asfaltmassorna var de med det mjukare bindemedlet och med lägre bindemedelshalt de mest påverkade. Asfaltmassan med högre hålrum var också mer påverkad än tätare provkroppar. Proverna med sågade ändytor påverkades mindre än de med osågade ändytor. Tillsats av vidhäftningsmedel (amin) förbättrade avsevärt motståndet mot fuktskador hos massorna. Resultaten av denna studie ger underlag för fortsatt utveckling av EN- och TDOK-metoderna samt argument för att standardisera MIST-konditioneringsmetoden i Europa.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, 2022. p. 30
Series
VTI rapport, ISSN 0347-6030 ; 1145A
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-19082 (URN)
Available from: 2022-10-17 Created: 2022-10-17 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved
Ahmed, A. W., Gudmarsson, A. & Waldemarson, A. (2020). Utvärdering av styvhetsförändring i asfaltmassor med returasfalt, rejuvenatorer och polymerer. Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Utvärdering av styvhetsförändring i asfaltmassor med returasfalt, rejuvenatorer och polymerer
2020 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Evaluation of stiffness change in asphalt concrete mixtures with rejuvenators and polymers
Abstract [sv]

Returasfalt (RA) som återanvänds i nya beläggningar bidrar till att reducera miljöpåverkan från beläggningsarbeten. Att använda rejuvenatorer eller att använda ett mjukare bitumen är två metoder för att kompensera mot det hårdare åldrade bindemedlet i RA massorna. Rejuvenatorer reducerar styvheten och sprödheten i bitumen vilket förbättrar motståndet mot sprickbildning. Det saknas dock kunskap om beläggningar med rejuvenatorer ökar risken för initiala deformationer orsakade av tung trafik. Liksom för massor med rejuvenatorer är det inte undersökt hur massor med inblandat mjukare bitumen i RA påverkar den nytillverkade massans styvhet och deformationsstabilitet.

Syftet med projektet är att utvärdera styvhetsförändring med tiden i labboratorietillverkade asfalt-beläggningar när rejuvenatorer eller mjukare bitumen används för att möjliggöra en ökad halt återvunnen asfalt. I detta projekt utfördes laboratorieundersökningar genom pressdragprovning, modalanalys och skjuvtest på fem olika asfaltmassor med RA, rejuvenatorer och polymerer.

Laboratorieundersökningarna visar att det inte finns några tydliga skillnader i styvhetsförändring med tiden mellan de olika massorna under de första 3 veckorna (7 till 21 dagar). Men det finns skillnader i styvhetsutveckling med tiden på längre tidsperiod. Skjuvprovning utfördes ett år efter tillverkning av massorna och visar att kompensationsmetoderna såsom bitumenblandning eller rejuvenatorer ger liknande stabilitet för slutprodukten. Dessutom har polymermodifierade massor visat lägre modul vid låga temperaturer och högre modul vid höga temperaturer jämfört med massor utan polymermodifierat bindemedel, vilket är bra för motståndet mot sprickbildning vid låga temperaturer respektive för deformationsstabilitet vid höga temperaturer. Lagring och konditionering av provkropparna och samtliga mätningar utfördes i laboratoriemiljö vilket begränsar resultaten till att endast representera styvhetsförändringen som sker utan påverkan från klimat och trafik.

Abstract [en]

Using reclaimed asphalt (RA) in new pavements reduces the environmental impact of the new pavement. As the proportion of RA in newly paved asphalt increases, it is important to maintain or improve the quality of the mixture so as not to create an increased maintenance requirement. Rejuvenators and mixing with softer bitumen are used to compensate for the harder aged binder in RA. Rejuvenators reduce the stiffness and brittleness of the bitumen, which improves resistance to cracking. However, the risk of initial deformation associated with the use rejuvenators or mixing with softer binder in RA mixes has not been evaluated.

The objective of this project was to evaluate the stiffness changes with time of laboratory manufactured asphalt concrete mixtures having rejuvenators or softer bitumen with high percentage of RA. In this project, indirect tensile tests, modal analysis, and shear tests were conducted on five different asphalt concrete mixtures with RA, rejuvenators, and polymers.

The results showed that there are no significant differences in stiffness change with time between the different mixes was observed within 7 to 21 days after production. However, there is stiffness change with time in the long term. The stiffness modulus and shear testing showed that mixing with soft bitumen, or using rejuvenators result in small differences in stiffness and shear modulus values, respectively. Polymer modified mixes have shown lower shear modulus at low temperatures and higher shear modulus at high temperatures compared to mixes with conventional bituminous binders which increases the resistance to cracking at low temperatures and the resistance to deformation at higher temperature, respectively. Storage and conditioning of the specimens and all measurements were carried out in a laboratory environment; thus, the results represent only the stiffness change that occurs without external influence from climate and traffic.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, 2020. p. 43
Series
VTI rapport, ISSN 0347-6030 ; 1066
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-15642 (URN)
Available from: 2020-11-16 Created: 2020-11-16 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved
Waldemarson, A. & Bjurström, H. (2019). Energisnåla beläggningar: uppföljning av riksväg 95 objekt Varuträsk − Boliden. Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Energisnåla beläggningar: uppföljning av riksväg 95 objekt Varuträsk − Boliden
2019 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Energy efficient road surfaces : reassessment of highway 95 object Varuträsk – Boliden
Abstract [sv]

I detta projekt utvärderas funktionella egenskaper för två olika delsträckor utmed riksväg 95 mellan Varuträsk och Boliden i Västerbottens län. Sträckorna är vardera ca 100 m långa och är uppbyggda på samma sätt sånär som på bärlagret. Bärlagret är bundet och framtaget med kallteknik på en försökssträcka och denna uppbyggnad jämförs med en konventionellt uppbyggd referenssträcka innehållande ett varmblandat bärlager. Konstruktionernas funktionella egenskaper testas och utvärderas med olika metoder såsom fallviktsmätningar, töjningsgivare och borrprover.

Utvärderingarna visar att försökssträckan med kallasfalt har en lägre styvhet och ger upphov till större töjningar jämfört med referenssträckan. Tillväxten av spårdjup samt ojämnheter i vägens längdriktning anses ligga på en normal nivå och skiljer sig endast obetydligt mellan de två sträckorna. Även laboratorietesterna indikerar en tydlig skillnad vad gäller både styvhetsmodul och utmattningsegenskaper där referenssträckan besitter de bättre egenskaperna. I samband med laboratorieprovningen noterades även att försökssträckans bindemedelshalt är tydligt lägre än vad som var specificerat i receptet vilket möjligen delvis kan förklara de sämre resultaten.

Abstract [en]

In this project the functional properties are evaluated for two different sections along highway 95 between Varuträsk and Boliden in Västerbotten county. Both sections are approximately 100 m long and constructed in the same way, except for the base layer. The base layer is bituminous and is made using cold manufacturing for the test section and this construction is compared to a reference section constructed using a conventional hot mix base layer. The functional properties of the two constructions are evaluated using different methods such as falling weight deflectometer, strain gauges and core samples.

The evaluations show that the test section with cold asphalt has lower stiffness and is exposed to higher strains compared to the reference section. The growth of rut depth and unevenness in the longitudinal direction of the road is considered to be at a normal level and the difference between the two sections are insignificant. Also, the laboratory tests indicate a clear difference for both the stiffness modulus and fatigue where the reference section shows superior properties. In the laboratory testing it was also noticed that the binder content was clearly lower than what was specified in the recipe which could possibly partly explain the inferior results.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, 2019. p. 40
Series
VTI notat ; 7-2019
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-13975 (URN)
Available from: 2019-06-14 Created: 2019-06-14 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved
Waldemarson, A., Eriksson, O. & Ahmed, A. W. (2018). Validering av ålderssamband för asfaltbeläggningar.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Validering av ålderssamband för asfaltbeläggningar
2018 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Validation of ageing model for asphalt mixtures
Abstract [sv]

Asfaltbeläggningar förändras över tid på grund av att klimatisk påverkan och oxidation inverkar på bindemedlets fysikaliska och kemiska egenskaper. Asfaltbeläggningar blir normalt hårdare och sprödare med tiden. Det leder till ett högre motstånd mot deformation och en ökad styvhet men också till en högre risk för sprickbildning med tiden.

I Trafikverkets kravdokument finns beräkningsformler som tar höjd för de mekaniska egenskapernas förändring med tiden. Dessa samband och beräkningsformler har tagits fram av VTI och är baserade på undersökningar av konventionella massabeläggningar med penetrationsbitumen. För att undersöka om sambanden även gäller för polymermodifierade bitumen gjordes en analys av laboratorietillverkade prover av ABb 16 med tre olika bitumenprodukter från Nynas: 70/100, Nypol 67 och Nypol 73.

Ur laboratoriepackade plattor borrades kärnor upp och analyserades med avseende på dynamisk krypresistens och styvhetsmodul enligt ett fastställt tidsschema. Både plattor och kärnor lagrades inför analys. Plattorna lagrades i kallförråd och borrkärnorna i rumstemperatur. Innan analys har samtliga provers skrymdensiteter och komponenternas densitet bestämts varefter hålrumshalter beräknats teoretiskt.

Analyser av dynamisk krypresistens och styvhetsmodul har utvärderats med ickelinjär regression. Resultatet från denna studie visar att tidskoefficienterna för krypresistens och styvhetmodul i modellerna skiljer sig från de som anges i Trafikverkets kravdokument. I denna studie är de absoluta värden av tidskoefficienterna lägre. Tidskoefficienterna är olika för penetrationsbitumen och polymermodifierad bitumen.

Det kan finnas flera orsaker till att sambanden i denna studie skiljer sig från resultaten i den tidigare undersökningen. De tidigare sambanden baserades på analys av prover som åldrats i fält/laboratorium medan sambanden i denna studie baseras på analys av prover som åldrats i en mer kontrollerad laboratoriemiljö. Ytterligare en tänkbar orsak till att koefficienterna i sambanden var större i den tidigare undersökningen är att tillverkningstemperaturer för asfaltmassa generellt var betydligt högre på den tiden.

För att skapa ett bredare underlag för bedömning av åldringens inverkan på asfaltbeläggningars mekaniska egenskaper rekommenderas försök med fler polymerbitumen. Det är också önskvärt att följa upp nyutlagda beläggningar med tätare initiala mätningar.

Abstract [en]

Asphalt pavements age due to climatic impact and oxidation. Aging affects the physical and chemical properties of the adhesive and results in an increase of stiffness and reduced sensitivity to deformation. As a result, asphalt pavement usually become harder, stiffer and brittle thus more sensitive to cracking over time.

The Swedish Transport Administration specification document contains calculation formulas (aging models) which take the changes in mechanical properties over time into account. These formulas were derived based on asphalt mixtures with conventional binders. To investigate whether these formulas are valid for asphalt mixtures with modified bitumen, a study was conducted using laboratory manufactured samples of mix type ABb 16 with three different binders from Nynas, namely, 70/100, Nypol 67 and Nypol 73.

The samples were drilled from compacted asphalt slabs and cyclic compression creep and indirect tensile stiffness modules tests were carried out at a predefined time schedule. The drilled samples werestored at room temperature whereas the slabs were stored in a cold storehouse. Before testing, the densities of the constituent material were determined and theoretical air void content in each sample were calculated.

The main purpose of the study was to validate the existing aging models for cyclic compression creep test and stiffness modulus tests using the collected test data. The collected data from the tests were analyzed using non-linear regression. The results indicated that time coefficient (exponent) for both test methods have lower absolute value in this study than stated in the specifications. The coefficients are different for penetration and polymer modified bitumen.

There may be several reasons why the models in this study differ from the results of the previous investigations. The earlier relationships were derived based on analysis of samples aged in the field while the models in this study are based on analysis of samples aging in a more controlled laboratory environment. Another possible reason for the higher time coefficients (exponents) from the previousinvestigations could be that manufacturing temperatures for asphalt mixtures were generally significantly higher at that time.

To establish a broader basis to assesses the impact of aging on asphalt mixture mechanical properties, it is recommended to investigate several types of polymer bitumen. A more frequent field follow-up ofnewly paved pavement sections should be carried out.

Series
SBUF ; 13132
Keywords
Surfacing, Ageing, Polymer modified bitumen, Creep (mater), Modulus of elasticity, Laboratory (not an organization), Test
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
30 Road: Highway design, 33 Road: Surfacing
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-13717 (URN)
Available from: 2019-05-02 Created: 2019-05-02 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved
Waldemarson, A. & Viman, L. (2017). Provningsjämförelse: Prallmetoden EN 12697-16:2016. Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Provningsjämförelse: Prallmetoden EN 12697-16:2016
2017 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Profiency testing : Prall-method EN 12697–16:2016
Abstract [sv]

Denna provningsjämförelse har främst utförts för att bedöma om de förändringar som införts i den senaste versionen av Prallstandarden, EN 12697–16:2016, har förbättrat precisionen i metoden. 22 laboratorier har deltagit, 16 svenska och 6 laboratorier från övriga nordiska länder, där dubbtrafik förekommer. Resultaten visar att spridningarna i resultat mellan de olika laboratorierna ligger på ungefär samma nivå som vid tidigare ringanalyser trots att åtgärder vidtagits för att förbättra precisionen i metoden.

Abstract [en]

This profiency testing has mainly been carried out to assess whether the changes introduced in the latest version of the Prall Standard, EN 12697–16: 2016, has improved the precision of the method.

22 laboratories participated, 16 Swedish and 6 from other Nordic countries, where the studded tires occur. The results show that the spread in the results between different laboratories is around the same level as in previous round Robin tests despite measures taken to improve the precision of the method.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, 2017. p. 29
Series
VTI notat ; 8–2017
Keywords
Test method, Accuracy, Group analysis (test), Laboratory (not an organization), Bituminous mixture, Properties
National Category
Other Materials Engineering
Research subject
50 Road: Materials, 51 Road: Bituminous materials and binders
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-11723 (URN)
Available from: 2017-03-23 Created: 2017-03-23 Last updated: 2025-09-11Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-7024-9395

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