Accessibility plays an essential role in determining real estate prices and land use. An understanding of how accessibility and changes in accessibility influence real estate prices is key to making decisions regarding investments in infrastructure projects. From an accessibility point of view, it is not clear that there should be differences in valuation depending on the mode of public transport, road, or rail. There are, however, other differences that may affect real estate prices differently. For example, railway stations more often than bus stations, tend to be associated with a higher level of service. In addition, an investment in a railway station may signal a long-term decision from the policymaker. A third possible explanation concerns differences in perceived safety, comfort, and security. This paper aims to study if and how capitalization of accessibility differs between modes of transportation. The findings indicate that rail has a higher impact, both for single-family and multifamily houses. The implication of these findings may be of importance for future infrastructure investments and their corresponding cost-benefit analyses. Incorrect valuations of the benefits of infrastructure investments may result in sub-optimal investments. © 2020 by the authors.

This paper aims at studying the difference in cost between aircraft noise and road noise using meta-analysis. 90 NDI estimates have been gathered from the literature (a total of 53 studies), out of which 44 are estimates for aircraft noise and 46 are for road noise. The results of the meta-regression suggest that aircraft noise costs somewhere in the range of 0.40 and 0.60 percent more per increased dB than road noise. Knowing the associations between these costs of noise pollution can be a convenient tool for planners and policy makers, offering an opportunity to make predictions of aircraft noise when only estimates of road noise are available, and vice versa.

Designing an emissions trading scheme requires in-depth knowledge about several aspects. This paper attempts to clarify some important design points of the forthcoming emissions trading scheme for aviation under the EU ETS. Five general key points of system design are acknowledged and comparisons are made to previous and current emission trading schemes. Above all, it is argued that initial allocations of emission permits and the trade barrier between the aviation sector and EU ETS need to be carefully examined.