An investigation of the safety effect of the regulation obliging drivers to give way to pedestrians on zebra crossings was carried out by VTI (the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute). The regulation came into force on 1 May 2000. The aim of the regulation was to improve accessibility of the pedestrians. The evaluation shows that the waiting times of pedestrians decreased by two thirds. In conjunction with the regulation, alterations were made to the traffic environment. Zebra crossings were removed, taken away, reconstructed or were combined with traffic calming measures, etc. These changes were charted in the investigation and their effects were assessed. The result of the investigation shows that the number of pedestrians injured on a zebra crossing as a consequence of the regulation increased approximately by 15-20%, and the number of severely injured pedestrians by 5-10%. There was also an increase in the number of injury accidents where pedestrians had not been hit. The most common accident type being that the vehicle observing the regulation was hit from behind. The number of this kind of injury accidents doubled.