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What's mode got to do with it?: Exploring the links between public transport and car access and opportunities for everyday activities among older people
Division of Transport and Roads, Department of Technology and Society, Lund University, Sweden; K2 – The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Public Transport, Lund, Sweden; Centre for Ageing and Supportive Environments, Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6751-4861
Division of Transport and Roads, Department of Technology and Society, Lund University, Sweden; K2 – The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Public Transport, Lund, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7394-4534
2019 (English)In: Travel Behaviour & Society, ISSN 2214-367X, E-ISSN 2214-3688, Vol. 14, p. 107-118Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The aim of this study is to explore the links between modal options and opportunities to participate in everyday activities among people aged 65–79 and living in Sweden's large metropolitan regions (Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö). This incorporated a specific focus on those considered at a greater risk of transport-related social exclusion. This study applies the Capability Approach as a conceptual framework and employs a mixed methods element. A multinomial logistic regression was conducted in order to identify the characteristics associated with the respective modal options. Five independent variables produced statistically significant results: cohabiting, perceived health condition, income, region of residence and gender. Findings indicate a lower level of satisfaction with both the quantity and quality of modal options among those who do not have public transport as a modal option. The results suggest that those who do not have public transport as a modal option are less inclined to have the capability of carrying out all everyday activities of value. The qualitative strand uncovers the salience of the absence of having the possibility to carry out active physical exercise, with many highlighting that health issues and transport/infrastructure problems constitute barriers to having the possibility to participate in such activities. Deficiencies in the public transport service was the most common reason provided as to why public transport is not a modal option for some. These results bring us closer to understanding the role different modal options can have in facilitating capabilities of value and continued participation in society among older people. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2019. Vol. 14, p. 107-118
Keywords [en]
Modal choice, Public transport, Capability Approach, Older people, Mobility, Sweden
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-20419DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2018.10.003ISI: 000450371200010Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85056163685OAI: oai:DiVA.org:vti-20419DiVA, id: diva2:1844046
Note

Research funding provided by K2 – The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Public Transport.

Available from: 2024-03-12 Created: 2024-03-12 Last updated: 2024-03-13Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Towards a capability approach to mobility: An analysis of disparities in mobility opportunities among older people
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Towards a capability approach to mobility: An analysis of disparities in mobility opportunities among older people
2019 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Older people represent a greater proportion of the population than ever before. In Sweden, one in five is now aged 65 and above, and more than one in seven is aged 65-79. This demographic change has challenged and will challenge society, presenting sizeable tasks for the transport sector. These challenges have forced and will force us to question the ways in which we approach and tackle the policy, planning, design and provision of services for an expanding and ever-varying proportion of older people and a changing demographic composition. 

The focus for this thesis is on those aged 65-79. This age group represents those who are in the young-old life stage, or what can be described as the earlier stages of later life. This age range signifies the time during which most people transition from working life to retirement, adjusting to a different set of financial circumstances, a different set of daily activities and often, deteriorating health. 

Several studies have shown that, as people age, they tend to change the ways in which they travel. In the Nordic context in particular, there is a long history and large inventory of research concerning the travel of older people. However, few have approached such issues from a transport equity perspective – a perspective inherent in this thesis.

The results from this thesis highlight the differences in potential mobility among the young-old living in Sweden’s large metropolitan regions. The methods used complement one another, and uncover concerns and connections which may have been hidden had just one type of method been used. The dissatisfaction and limitations that can arise from having insufficient modal options in later life are highlighted. Combining and coordinating transport services and the location and provision of other important services in an integrated manner could effect change with respect to the capability to carry out everyday activities of value for this age group.

Abstract [sv]

I många Europeiska länder idag utgör äldre människor en större andel av befolkningen än någonsin tidigare. I Sverige är en av fem personer 65 år eller äldre, och fler än var sjunde person ligger inom åldersspannet 65-79. Denna demografiska förändring har inneburit och kommer fortsättningsvis innebära en stor utmaning för samhället. Till exempel påverkas transportsektorn, då vi tvingas ifrågasätta hur vi betraktar policy, planering och utformning av tjänster åt en växande och ständigt varierande andel äldre människor samt en föränderlig demografisk sammansättning.

Fokus i den här avhandlingen ligger på äldre personer i åldersspannet 65-79 år. Den här gruppen kännetecknas av den s.k. yngre-äldre-livsfasen, eller vad som kan beskrivas som ett tidigt stadie av ’ålderdom’. Denna livsfas innebär för de allra flesta en övergång från arbetsliv till pensionering, en tid då många också anpassar sig efter nya ekonomiska förutsättningar, nya rutiner och ofta försämrad hälsa.

Ändrade livsvillkor påverkar ofta vårt beteende. Flera studier har visat att människor tenderar att ändra hur de reser medan de åldras. I Norden finns det en lång historia och ett brett register av forskning rörande äldre människors resbeteende. Däremot har få studier betraktat dessa frågor från ett transporträttviseperspektiv – ett perspektiv som därför särskilt genomsyrar denna avhandling.

Dessa resultat belyser skillnaderna i potentiellt resande bland de yngre-äldre boende i Sveriges storstadsområden. Metoderna som använts kompletterar varandra, och belyser frågeställningar och samband som vore mindre synliga om endast en typ av metod hade använts. Personer i denna livsfas har poängterat den upplevda otillfredsställelse och de begränsningar som infinner sig när tillräckligt antal färdmedelsalternativ saknas. Att kombinera och koordinera transporttjänster i samklang med en integrerad samhällsplanering, vilken beaktar var och hur viktiga målpunkter i form av service och tjänster görs tillgängliga, skulle kunna göra skillnad när det gäller möjligheten att genomföra vardagliga aktiviteter av värde bland yngre-äldre.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Lund: Lund University, 2019. p. 131
Series
Bulletin – Lund University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Technology and Society, ISSN 1653-1930 ; 312
Keywords
Mobility, Ageing, Transport equity, Capability Approach, Public transport, Cycling, Older people
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-20433 (URN)9789178950027 (ISBN)9789178950034 (ISBN)
Public defence
2019-03-22, Lecture Hall V:A, V-Building, John Ericssons väg 1, Lund, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-03-26 Created: 2024-03-13 Last updated: 2025-03-21Bibliographically approved

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