Publications
2 22 - 57 of 57
rss atomLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
  • Patten, Christopher
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes.
    Ceci, Ruggero
    Trafikverket.
    Engström, Johan
    Anund, Anna
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, The Human in the Transport system..
    Tunnel driving and the effects of visual design: ViP simulator study2012Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Driving in tunnels is generally considered to be more dangerous than other type of road because, in the event of an accident in the tunnel, emergency and rescue teams are hampered by the tunnel environment. Moreover, a relatively minor incident such as a vehicle fire on the hard shoulder of an open-air motorway can have devastating consequences for everyone in the tunnel. Tunnels can, however, solve a number of traffic management problems in cities such as Stockholm. The main purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that enhanced optical cues increase lateral control and reduce driver workload in tunnel driving. Participants were run twice; in a tired state and in a normal alert state. There were four different scenarios. A Highway, a tunnel with minimal lighting and design characteristics, a tunnel with supporting ceiling lights which is similar to a modern tunnel where the lights follow the road geometry, and a tunnel that had misleading ceiling lights. The order for the driver's state and the scenarios was balanced. The tunnels were 17 km long.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Witzell, Jacob
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes.
    Planering för klimatomställning: utmaningar och behov i gränssnittet mellan kommunal och nationell transportplanering2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Viable Cities har under 2020 tecknat avtal, så kallade klimatkontrakt, med nio städer i syfte att stärka samverkan för städernas klimatomställning. Under 2021 har ytterligare 14 städer tecknat motsvarande avtal. Med anledning av det arbete som pågår i Viable Cities vill Trafikverket undersöka om det finns hinder rörande organisering och finansiering av transportsystemets utveckling som fördröjer städers omställning. En viktig fråga är huruvida Trafikverkets nuvarande organisation i tillräcklig grad är anpassad för att interagera med kommunerna i omställningsarbetet. I förstudien undersöks dessa frågor genom intervjuer med samhällsplanerare inom Trafikverket och tjänstepersoner i kommunerna Umeå, Uppsala och Göteborg, som alla tecknade klimatkontrakt under 2020. En målsättning är att arbetet ska bidra till städernas klimatomställning. En del av arbetet med förstudien har varit inriktat på att etablera kontaktytor med nämnda kommuner och Trafikverksregioner som skulle kunna bilda en grund för organisering och samverkan i en eventuell huvudstudie. En andra del har handlat om att ge en överblick över strategier och planeringsinriktningar av betydelse för transportsystemets omställning i de tre städerna. En tredje, huvudsaklig, del av arbetet har utgjorts av diskussioner kring nyttor och möjligheter med att genomföra en huvudstudie.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Hellman, Fredrik
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Haraldsson, MattiasSwedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport.
    Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 20242024Conference proceedings (editor) (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Hellman, Fredrik
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Haraldsson, MattiasSwedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport.
    Sammanställning av postrar från Transportforum 20242024Conference proceedings (editor) (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Nichols, Aaron
    et al.
    Chair of Urban Structure and Transport Planning, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
    Ryan, Jean
    Department of Technology and Society, Lund University, Sweden; K2 – The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Public Transport, Lund, Sweden.
    Palmqvist, Carl-William
    Department of Technology and Society, Lund University, Sweden; K2 – The Swedish Knowledge Centre for Public Transport, Lund, Sweden.
    The importance of recurring public transport delays for accessibility and mode choice2024In: Journal of Transport Geography, ISSN 0966-6923, E-ISSN 1873-1236, Vol. 115, article id 103796Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper looks at the relationship between recurring public transport delays, accessibility to jobs, and travel behaviour in the region of Scania, Sweden. The difference between potential (scheduled) accessibility, observed (actual) accessibility, and behaviour is an important part of this research. This paper contributes to the growing body of literature that uses GTFS data (for both scheduled and actual services) to provide a deeper understanding of temporal variations in accessibility with public transport. Historic public transport data were used to develop a measure for typical delays in the region. The accessibility analysis shows that, on average, recurring public transport delays result in a 4–9% reduction in accessibility to jobs in the region. The loss in accessibility varied depending on the travel time budget that was considered and the location within the region. The accessibility analysis also shows that areas with higher concentrations of households with a lower economic standard experience a smaller loss in job accessibility caused by public transport delays. However, the concentration of these effects depends on the measure that is used. The measurement of typical delays was also analysed in relation to actual trips from the regional travel survey. The statistical analysis found that recurring public transport delays were associated with a lower likelihood of using public transport compared to other motorised modes.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Berg, Jessica
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes.
    SEVS for autonomous drive: Final report of the pre-study2017Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This pre-study has used a set of tools within the process The SEVS Way to identify potential effects from autonomous drive concepts in relation to the Swedish transport political goals. The SEVS Way, which is a workshop based process, has earlier shown to be a powerful tool for multi-disciplinary teams to work cross- boarders in a structural way, but also a powerful communication tool that facilitates the inclusion of new stakeholders along the journey. The work within the pre-study has been performed through a number of work packages focusing on:

    • A driving force model, which is a very useful tool to find the mechanisms and driving forces which determine how AD influences the society.
    • A scenario methodology, with further developed scenarios that consider an AD-environment.
    • Use cases that describe the daily agendas and movements of actors and goods. The use cases should identify barriers and opportunities with autonomous vehicles (stage 4 and 5) in order for the actors to carry out the daily activities, and for the goods to be transported, delivered and picked up.
    • Methods for measuring and estimating effects related to AD, and how such concepts contribute to the fulfillment of the Swedish transport political goals.
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Engholm, Albin
    et al.
    KTH, Integrated Transport Research Lab, ITRL.
    Kristoffersson, Ida
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics.
    MUST Managing Deep Uncertainty in Planning for Sustainable Transport: Project report: phase 12024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    There is a growing recognition that traditional forecasting and decision-making approaches might fall short considering the many uncertainties and complexities facing the development of the transport system. The project Managing deep Uncertainty in planning for Sustainable Transport (MUST), funded by Trafikverket and conducted by KTH ITRL and VTI, aims to explore emerging methods for improving the handling of deep uncertainty in the long-term planning of future transport systems. The core of MUST is to explore, develop, and demonstrate tools and methods grounded in Decision Making under Deep Uncertainty (DMDU) and Exploratory Modeling and Analysis (EMA). These approaches are intended to support a shift towards more robust and adaptable planning methodologies.

    The project is performed in two phases, with the first phase dedicated to laying a foundational understanding of deep uncertainty in transport planning. This report covers the first phase which has included the following tasks: 

    • A literature review on deep uncertainty and existing decision-making and system analysis methods under such conditions, with a focus on transportation. 
    • A workshop series with Trafikverket identifying transport planning challenges marked by deep uncertainty.
    • A case study of applying DMDU through a case study on climate policy robustness (primarily reported in other deliverables).
    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • Wei, Guang
    et al.
    Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Sweden.
    Ekström, Joakim
    Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Sweden.
    Flötteröd, Gunnar
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics. Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Sweden.
    Calibration of urban road network capacities2022In: hEART 2022: 10th Symposium of the European Association for Research in Transportation, 2022Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, a new calibration method for road capacities in urban networks is presented. The method relies on partial least squares (PLS) regression, which combines calibration and dimensionality reduction capabilities. A sampling strategy is implemented to further improve the calibration efficiency and accuracy. Moreover, influences of different parameters on calibration results are investigated. This method is demonstrated to be feasible and efficient in an urban road network (Stockholm, Sweden).

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Weibull, Kajsa
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Emergency vehicle approaching system: Final report2023Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Emergency vehicles face risks when interacting with surrounding traffic. To support civilian drivers’ move over-behavior they can be provided with an Emergency Vehicle Approaching (EVA) warning. An EVA warning is an in-car warning that lets the driver know that an emergency vehicle is approaching them about 15 seconds in advance. This allows the driver to notice the emergency vehicle earlier and thereby provides them with more time to move over safely. One previous study found that drivers required one interaction with the EVA system to move over quicker compared to drivers who did not get an EVA warning (Weibull et al., 2023). One purpose of the present study was therefore to examine if an introduction to the EVA system had an impact on the learning effect. VTI and the University of Gothenburg conducted a simulator experiment during the spring with 73 participants. In the experiment, the participants were approached by an emergency vehicle two times while driving on a highway. To examine driver behavior in the upcoming naturalistic study, eye tracking was considered a valuable method. Eye tracking, combined with measurements of vehicles' speed and placement, allowed for a thorough examination of the effects of whether an introduction to the EVA system affected driver behavior. In previous studies, only measures of vehicle position and speed had been used as measurements of EVA’s effect. Through eye-tracking, it was possible to explore how drivers' glance behavior changed when they received an EVA warning

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Sandberg, Ulf
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute.
    Double-layer porous asphalt: Performance of innovative noise-reducing variants2023In: XXVIIth World Road Congress. Proceedings of the Congress, PIARC , 2023, p. 1-16Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Since 2010 double-layer porous asphalt (DPA) pavements have been used on motorway E4 through the Swedish city Huskvarna. The pavement has been a great success despite the challenge to use porous pavements in a country where studded tyres are used in wintertime, resulting in excessive surface wear and subsequent clogging of pores. In this paper, seven interesting trials on this road related to the noise reduction of the pavement are reported:

    1. Paving DPA hot-on-hot: Commonly, when paving DPA, it is considered necessary to do this “hot-on-hot” which means that the top layer must be applied while the bottom layer is still hot. This project has shown that it works fine to pave the two layers in two different days.

    2. Rejuvenating the surface may almost totally clog the pores in the top layer. In an attempt to extend the technical lifetime, the slow lane was rejuvenated by application of a Fog Seal. This filled the remaining porosity which resulted in a great loss of noise reduction.

    3. The effect of the bottom layer is analysed in relation to the top layer. One part of the section had a single-layer PA, the performance of which could be compared to another section where the same PA layer had been laid on a bottom layer, thus creating a DPA. It appeared that 2/3 of the noise reduction is due to the bottom layer of the DPA.

    4. Reusing the bottom layer: On one part of the new pavement laid in 2017, only the top layer of the old DPA section was milled-off and then repaved with a new top layer, while the bottom layer was reused. The noise reduction which is lost by reusing the old bottom layer is only around 1 dB (of the initial 7-8 dB), or 0.5 dB as an average.

    5. Steel slag has been used instead of stone aggregate in the top layer in one trial. The performance of this trial is analysed in comparison to the conventional aggregate.

    6. Grinding off the peaks in the surface has a favourable effect on both noise reduction and rolling resistance. This is a way to produce an “extra negative texture”.

    7. End-of-life noise reduction: After a few years, the top layer is clogged; yet, the pavement provides a considerable noise reduction. Surprisingly, 1-3 dB of noise reduction remains even when there is full clogging. Reasons for this are discussed. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    Paper
    Download full text (pdf)
    Poster
  • Rosberg, Tomas
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Thorslund, Birgitta
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Förstudie tågsimulering och ERTMS2018Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    I förstudien inventeras FoI frågor inom området tågsimulering och ERTMS. VTI är FoI utförare och arbetet sker på uppdrag och i samverkan med Trafikverket. Det finns ett behov av ökad kunskap om ERTMS, samt metoder kopplat till ERTMS utifrån simulering, projektering och teknikutveckling. I förstudien har FoI området tågsimulering och ERTMS definierats.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Nerhagen, Lena
    et al.
    School of Culture and Society, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    Jussila Hammes, Johanna
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics.
    Policy Diffusion, Environmental Federalism, and Economic Efficiency: How Institutions Influence the Implementation of EU Legislation in Two Nordic Countries2024In: Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, ISSN 2194-5888, E-ISSN 2152-2812Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We explore the changes in central government administration due to European Union (EU) membership and its consequences for policy outcomes and economic efficiency in Finland and Sweden. Both countries became members of the EU in 1995. Upon joining the union, member states are expected to adopt common legislation and are encouraged to develop similar rule-making procedures. The actual implementation of EU directives varies considerably between member states, however. This is also the case for Finland and Sweden. Despite the two Nordic countries for historical reasons having had similar government systems, upon becoming members of the EU, they started to diverge. Using a model of delegation and comparing the more centralized Finnish system with the decentralized institutional setup in Sweden, we show that the Swedish approach leads to a stricter than optimal environmental policy, which in turn makes EU policy non-optimal from a global point of view, ceteris paribus. We also provide empirical support for our findings in the form of some example cases. We focus on environmental policy since this is an area that has been high on the EU agenda.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Selander, Helena
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Englund, Lars
    Svensk Trafikmedicinsk Förening (STMF), Sverige.
    Henriksson, Per
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes.
    Läkares hantering av medicinsk körkortslämplighet: En enkätundersökning2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Assessing and determining when a patient is no longer a safe driver is a difficult and sometimes sensitive task for the health care system and the medical doctors. In addition, the driving license authorities do not provide detailed guidelines for suitable test methods. This constitutes a risk for arbitrariness, unjustified differences in assessment or a total lack of relevant routines in certain parts of Sweden. The aim of this survey was to examine how the assessment of medical driver fitness is carried out among physicians within publicly financed care units and how this assessment is supported by other professions within health care units.

    Our ambition with the survey was to get respondents from different parts of Sweden and from physicians with different specialties. The questionnaires were distributed through strategic professional associations within groups of doctors affiliated to the Swedish Society of Medicine. The aim was not to obtain a large representative sample, rather a rich and broad picture of how the situation might be within different regions and in groups of doctors with different specialization.

    The report shows the obvious and great interest for these issues among physicians and that these questions are looked upon as a natural part of your duties when working within publicly financed health care. However, how such patients are prioritized varies a lot in different parts of Sweden and documented routines for the unit are often lacking.

    We found a clear demand for more knowledge and support for the decisions, where especially the delicate task to report the patient to driving license authorities motivates a high degree of certainty in the assessments. There is an obvious demand for more educational measures.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Eriksson, Jenny
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Infrastructure maintenance.
    Arvidsson, Anna K
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Infrastructure maintenance.
    Kunskapsöversikt om fotgängare: Fokus på kostnader för vinterväghållning och skadade samt automatiserad räkning2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Walking is a mode of transport for everyone and, from equity perspective, it is also a fundamental prerequisite for all other modes of transport. The aim of this knowledge review is to compile data on pedestrians in the areas of (1) winter maintenance costs and pedestrian injuries in falls, (2) methods to capture pedestrian flows and pedestrian movement patterns.

    Winter maintenance costs were estimated to SEK 0.27–0.55 billion (2010 price level), based on the winter maintenance of pedestrian and cycle paths, squares, residential streets and pavements. The total cost of falling accidents due to slipping on ice and snow amounts to SEK 21.8 billion in one year, where the breakdown is SEK 0.36 billion for material costs and SEK 21.45 billion for risk assessment costs. The winter maintenance cost is thus significantly lower than the injury cost.

    There are few evaluations of how well different technologies detect pedestrians. Many existing technologies are mainly used to detect bicycle traffic and relatively few technologies focus on pedestrians and their challenges in terms of detectability. At present, only video technology seems to capture the pedestrian flow in a satisfactory way, at least when there are many pedestrians in the same place to be captured at the same time. However, an evaluation study is needed to establish this. 

    The studies dealing with pedestrian movement at the micro level show that good technology is available for this, but that some manual approach is often still required to complete the analysis. At the macro level, there are also studies, but they are often limited in time. The ability to capture total pedestrian travel is limited. The latest national travel survey has chosen to exclude walking without an errand. This causes problems in calculating the number of injured people in relation to exposure in the traffic environment. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Wehner, Jessica
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics.
    Stelling, Petra
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics. Avdelningen för miljö- och energisystem, institutionen för teknik och samhälle, Lunds universitet, Sverige.
    Khan, Jamil
    Avdelningen för miljö- och energisystem, institutionen för teknik och samhälle, Lunds universitet, Sverige.
    Lantz, Mikael
    Avdelningen för miljö- och energisystem, institutionen för teknik och samhälle, Lunds universitet, Sverige.
    Interaktion mellan elfordon och elnät: Fallstudier: delrapport 22024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Samhällets omställning till fossilfri energi innebär bland annat en ökad elektrifiering. I sin tur innebär en ökad elektrifiering också en högre efterfrågan på nya anslutningar till och behov av ökad kapacitet i elnätet. Syftet med delrapporten är att analysera två specifika fallstudier för att belysa utmaningar och möjligheter i interaktionen mellan elfordon och elnät. Den första fallstudien behandlar utbyggnad av laddstationer för personbilar i ett flerbostadshus respektive en villa, medan den andra fallstudien behandlar utbyggnad av laddstationer för ellastbilar. Fallen är uppbyggda utifrån olika nivåer med en gradvis mer utvecklad integration mellan fordon och nät och en ökande komplexitet i användningen av smart laddning. I fallen studeras faktorer såsom påverkan på elnätet, ekonomiska aspekter, samt organisatoriska och juridiska frågor. Resultaten visar att laddning av personbilar i flerbostadhus och villor kan göras utan lokala nätförstärkningar även då en stor andel av bilarna är elbilar. Däremot kan kapacitetsproblem uppstå högre upp i nätet vilket behöver haneras av nätägaren. För lastbilar uppstår snabbt behov av ökad kapacitet hos åkerier när antalet elfordon ökar. Då ledtiderna är långa för en utbyggnad av elnätskapacitet kan interrimslösningar behövas i form av extra batterikapacitet och regeländringar som möjliggör effektivare utnyttjande av nät- och laddkapacitet.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Khan, Jamil
    et al.
    Avdelningen för miljö- och energisystem, institutionen för teknik och samhälle, Lunds universitet, Sverige.
    Stelling, Petra
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics. Avdelningen för miljö- och energisystem, institutionen för teknik och samhälle, Lunds universitet, Sverige.
    Lantz, Mikael
    Avdelningen för miljö- och energisystem, institutionen för teknik och samhälle, Lunds universitet, Sverige.
    Wehner, Jessica
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics.
    Osman, Mary Catherine
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics.
    Interaktion mellan elfordon och elnät: Policys, regelverk och aktörer: delrapport 12024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Samhällets omställning till fossilfri energi innebär bland annat en ökad elektrifiering. I sin tur innebär en ökad elektrifiering också en högre efterfrågan på nya anslutningar till och behov av ökad kapacitet i elnätet. Syftet med delrapporten är att beskriva processen för att ansluta laddstationer till elnätet, den reglering som styr detta samt de olika aktörer som kan bli inblandade och vilka roller de kan ha. Beskrivningen baseras på en analys av litteratur och rapporter inom området och samtal med experter från näringslivet. Rapporten presenterar en översikt av det svenska elsystemet och aktörer från el- och transportsektorn som är påverkade av sammankopplingen mellan dessa sektorer. Vidare ger rapporten en beskrivning av nuvarande policys och regelverk i relation till anslutning av laddstationer till elnätet och en internationell utblick. Slutligen sammanfattas de viktigaste slutsatserna och rekommendationer tas upp som kan vidtas för att adressera de identifierade utmaningarna i elsystemet.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Bhatti, Harrison John
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Vehicle Systems and Driving Simulation.. Innovation and Sustainability, School of Business, Halmstad University, Sweden.
    Danilovic, Mike
    Innovation and Sustainability, School of Business, Halmstad University, Sweden; School of Business, Shanghai Dianji University, China; Centre for Innovation Research (CIRCLE), Lund University, Sweden.
    Nåbo, Arne
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    A Multidimensional Readiness Index for the Electrification of the Transportation System in China, Norway, and Sweden2023In: Future Transportation, E-ISSN 2673-7590, Vol. 3, no 4, p. 1360-1384Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The main objective of this paper is to develop a readiness index model that can serve as an analytical tool for exploring the achievements of the electrification of transportation systems. We have applied this readiness index model to evaluate the readiness positioning of China, Norway, and Sweden towards transportation electrification. We have chosen these three countries as they represent diversity among countries adopting electric transportation system solutions. Our developed readiness index model has four key dimensions: technological readiness, political readiness, societal readiness, and economic readiness. The embeddedness of all four dimensions in one model provides a multi-perspective way of analyzing and evaluating the readiness levels of countries moving towards transforming their transportation system. Therefore, we named the model a “multidimensional readiness index”. Our main conclusions are that political processes and decisiveness are the most important factors, followed by societal needs and economic ability, with the current technology as the fourth. Without the participation of dedicated and determined political decision makers, the other three factors are challenging to obtain. Political decision makers need to facilitate economic means to support the transformation in society and affected industries to balance the economic disadvantages of the electrically powered vehicle systems until they pass the cost disadvantage turning point. The development of relevant technology is no longer the significant barrier it was at the beginning of this transformation about 20 years ago. The technology for electrically powered transportation systems and devices is widely available now, although it is continuously evolving and being improved. Associated industries cannot be expected to initiate, finance, take risks, and take the lead in this global societal transformation without clear and strong political support.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Öztürk, İbrahim
    et al.
    Department of Psychology, Safety Research Unit, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Türkiye; The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Linköping, Sweden; Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
    Wallén Warner, Henriette
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes. Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Özkan, Türker
    Department of Psychology, Safety Research Unit, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Türkiye.
    Preferred level of vehicle automation: How technology adoption, knowledge, and personality affect automation preference in Türkiye and Sweden2024In: Cogent Psychology, E-ISSN 2331-1908, Vol. 11, no 1, article id 2314840Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The acceptance of automated vehicles and advanced vehicle technologies by users is subject to different human factors variables. Personality, technology adoption, and prior previous knowledge about the systems have been significant determinants of people’s attitudes toward new technologies across different settings. The present study examined the effects of technology adoption, knowledge of vehicle automation, and personality on the preferred level of vehicle automation in Türkiye and Sweden. The study was conducted with 297 drivers from Türkiye (age: M = 22.47, SD = 2.83) and 332 drivers from Sweden (age: M = 30.06, SD = 10.48). Participants completed a questionnaire regarding technology adoption, knowledge and preference of vehicle automation, and the Basic Personality Traits Inventory (BPTI). The findings indicated that high technology adoption was associated with preferring higher levels of automation. Furthermore, drivers from Türkiye, in comparison to drivers from Sweden, and drivers with previous knowledge of high or full automation, compared to those who have not heard of these systems in the two countries, expressed a preference toward higher levels of automation. High extraversion and openness to change were associated with high technology adoption, leading to preferring vehicles with higher levels of automation.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Wallhagen, Susanne
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Traffic Safety and Traffic System. Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Selander, Helena
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Young drivers in slow moving vehicles: The impact of A-tractors and moped cars on traffic safety2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Slow moving vehicles, A-tractors (also called “EPA”) and moped cars, have in recent years become increasingly popular among young people in Sweden. With their rising popularity, the number of crashes involving these vehicles has also increased. The purpose has been to increase knowledge on crashes involving A-tractors and moped cars, as well as to describe how these vehicles impact traffic safety and the safety of other road users. The study involved crash data from the Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition database (Strada) and interviews with police officers. A compilation of traffic crashes from 2016 to 2022, where the driver of the A-tractor or moped car was between 14 and 20 years old, showed that there were seven fatal crashes involving A-tractors, resulting in deaths of seven young people in the A-tractor and two unprotected road users. There were no fatal crashes involving drivers with moped cars in this age group. Furthermore, there were 37 serious crashes involving A-tractors, with 24 of them occurring in 2021–2022. In these crashes during the entire period, 32 young people in A-tractors and eight other road users, primarily pedestrians and moped or motorcycle users, were seriously injured. There were 12 serious crashes involving moped cars during this period, with ten young people in moped cars and three pedestrians being seriously injured. In the more severe A-tractor crashes, 91 percent of the drivers were male, while in the moped car crashes, 42 percent were male. A total of 14 interviews were conducted with police officers throughout Sweden. It became clear that A-tractors and moped cars are a social phenomenon, where the "EPA culture" and group identity are important aspects. These vehicles are used for transportation in both rural and urban areas and for hanging out with friends. How these vehicles are driven affects traffic safety, for those in the vehicles and other road users, as well as the environment. The police reported various driving behaviours and crashes and had opinions on the defects and deliberate modifications on these vehicles. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Jacobson, Bengt
    et al.
    Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems Division, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Kharrazi, Sogol
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Vehicle Systems and Driving Simulation.. Department of Electrical Engineering, Linköping University, Sweden.
    Fröjd, Niklas
    Volvo Group Trucks Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Ghandriz, Toheed
    Volvo Group Trucks Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Bagdadi, Omar
    Swedish Transport Administration, Borlänge, Sweden.
    An open assessment tool for standardized performance measures of long combination vehicles2024In: Technology Convergence 2023: Setting the Wheels In Motion: Reimagining the future of heavy vehicles, roads and freight, International Forum for Heavy Vehicle Transport & Technology; The International Society for Weigh-In-Motion , 2024, article id 5256Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Long Combination Vehicles (LCV) are transport efficient. However, allowing any combination of, individually legal, loaded vehicle units which when connected become LCV, can lead to traffic risks. Therefore, ways to assess LCVs are developed. The paper proposes an open tool which can assess a certain LCV for a certain load distribution. The tool could be a base for a digital service for such assessment. The assessment is done with Performance-Based Standards (PBS). PBS measures, computed through dynamic models and simulations, can be compared to numerical requirements. The vehicle parameters are selected to be as easy as possible to find values on, e.g., from available data in a vehicle unit registry. Also, the loading is defined by giving the static vertical force for each axle and the load height for each vehicle unit. A PBS based assessment method, as opposed to simply prescribing certain vehicle design parameters, would encourage novel combination vehicle designs. That would continuously drive the development towards even better transport efficiency, including energy efficiency.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Rahman, Mohammad Shafiqur
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Kharrazi, Sogol
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Vehicle Systems and Driving Simulation.. Department of Electrical Engineering, Linköping University, Sweden.
    Erlingsson, Sigurdur
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    High-capacity transport in cities and the impact on the roads2024In: Technology Convergence 2023: Setting the Wheels In Motion: Reimagining the future of heavy vehicles, roads and freight, International Forum for Heavy Vehicle Transport & Technology; The International Society for Weigh-In-Motion , 2024, article id 8555Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents the evaluation of the relative pavement damage caused by a high-capacity transport (HCT) 5 axle truck with respect to three other reference trucks consisting of 4, 3 and 2 axles. The analysis was conducted by simulating the responses of three pavement structures using the pavement analysis tool ERAPave. Two damage criteria of the pavement structures were evaluated: fatigue cracking of the asphalt concrete (AC) layer and permanent deformation of the subgrade. The relative damage caused by the different vehicles were estimated by calculating a damage factor (Dr) following the Asphalt Institute Method. Three loading scenarios of the trucks were analyzed: (a) one way trip with fully loaded trucks, (b) round trip where the return trip consisted of the empty vehicles with lifted axles and (c) round trip where the return trip consisted of the empty vehicles without lifting any axles. The damage factors were calculated for per ton of carried load and were normalized with respect to the 2-axle truck. Results indicate that the relative impacts of the vehicles depend on the structure type and seasons. Generally, the 4-axle truck appeared to be the least damaging one. The HCT 5-axle truck is more damaging than the 4-axle truck, but less damaging than the other two.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Behera, Abhijeet
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Vehicle Systems and Driving Simulation.. Department of Electrical Engineering, Linköping University, Sweden.
    Kharrazi, Sogol
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Vehicle Systems and Driving Simulation.. Department of Electrical Engineering, Linköping University, Sweden.
    Frisk, Erik
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Linköping University, Sweden.
    Performance analysis of an A-double in roundabouts using naturalistic driving data2024In: Technology Convergence 2023: Setting the Wheels In Motion: Reimagining the future of heavy vehicles, roads and freight, International Forum for Heavy Vehicle Transport & Technology; The International Society for Weigh-In-Motion , 2024, article id 4565Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The focus of this paper is to use Naturalistic Driving Data to understand how the drivers manoeuvre an A-double combination in the roundabouts and evaluate performance in the roundabouts using measures like Low-Speed Swept Path (LSSP) and Tail Swing (TS). The analyses of the steering patterns and speed variations depict that the standard deviations of the responses of the drivers for a given travel direction in a roundabout are within 35o (17 % of the baseline) for the steering wheel angle and 8 km/h (40 % of the baseline) for the speed. It is also found that the cognitive workload of the drivers due to the steering pattern is higher in right turns compared to straight crossings through the roundabout. The performance analyses show a dependency of LSSP on the instantaneous radius obtained from the vehicle's path, and the vehicle's travel direction in the roundabout. LSSP ranges from 7.7 m for a left turn in a roundabout with an inner radius of 12 m to 3.1 m for a straight crossing in a roundabout with a 30 m inner radius. TS is observed in only one roundabout and its magnitude goes up to 0.4 m in a roundabout of 30 m inner radius.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Kharrazi, Sogol
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Vehicle Systems and Driving Simulation.. Department of Electrical Engineering, Linköping University, Sweden.
    Laine, Leo
    Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Volvo Group Trucks Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Larsson, Lena
    Volvo Group Trucks Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Sandin, Jesper
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Jacobson, Bengt
    Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems Division, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Asp, Thomas
    Swedish Transport Administration, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Bagdadi, Omar
    Swedish Transport Administration, Borlänge, Sweden.
    A review of more than a decade of research and field tests on longer vehicle combinations in Sweden that supported road approval2024In: Technology Convergence 2023: Setting the Wheels In Motion: Reimagining the future of heavy vehicles, roads and freight, International Forum for Heavy Vehicle Transport & Technology; The International Society for Weigh-In-Motion , 2024, article id 7891Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    For more than a decade, Longer Vehicle Combinations (LVCs) have been tested in Sweden on roads and test tracks and studied in simulations. Based on the outcomes of this research, the government in Sweden has decided to open part of the road network for LVCs with a length up to 34.5 m. Necessary regulatory framework should be in place before this change can be applied. Thus, the LVCs are not expected on the roads before winter 2023-2024. This article reviews outcomes of the extensive research which has been performed on High Capacity Transport (HCT) to support introduction of LVCs in Sweden. Summary of studies on various aspects of HCT, such as regulation, safety, maneuverability, electrification, and emissions, are presented.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Yun, Di
    et al.
    School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China; Key Laboratory of Pavement Structure and Material of Transportation Industry, Chang’an University, China.
    Tang, Cheng
    School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, China.
    Sandberg, Ulf
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Environment.
    Ran, Maoping
    School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China.
    Zhou, Xinglin
    School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China.
    Gao, Jie
    School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiao Tong University, China.
    Hu, Liqun
    Key Laboratory of Pavement Structure and Material of Transportation Industry, Chang’an University, China.
    A New Approach for Determining Rubber Enveloping on Pavement and Its Implications for Friction Estimation2024In: Coatings, ISSN 2079-6412, Vol. 14, no 3, article id 301Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The depth to which the pavement texture is enveloped by the tire tread rubber (d) is an important parameter related to contact performance. This study presents a new method (S-BAC), which relies on the ratio between the real contact area and the nominal tire-pavement contact area (S) and the bearing area curve (BAC), to measure the depth on pavements. The tire-pavement contact was simulated by contact between a non-patterned rubber block and pavement specimens. After analyzing the affecting factors, the new method was compared with previous methods by the d values and the application on the relationship between pavement texture parameters and friction. The results reveal that though there is a linear regression between the d obtained with the S-BAC and previous methods, the d values obtained with different methods differ. Applying the S-BAC method can strengthen the relationship between texture parameters and friction more than other methods.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Witzell, Jacob
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes. Division of Urban and Regional Studies, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden.
    Oldbury, Kelsey
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes.
    Embedding Research-led Urban Experiments?: Institutional Capacities and Challenges in Mundane Planning Settings2023In: Nordic Journal of Urban Studies, E-ISSN 2703-8866, Vol. 3, no 2, p. 21-37Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Literature on urban experiments and the role of experimental governance is increasingly focusing on the relationship between experimental processes and existing urban governance and planning configurations. This article aims to develop knowledge about institutional capacity and conditions for embedding experiments in mundane, everyday planning contexts. Based on qualitative interviews and document studies, we draw upon a research-led experiment which introduces digitally supported mobility interventions in a suburban neighborhood south of Stockholm, Sweden. We ask two questions: 1) which case-specific institutional capacities influence the embedding of urban experimentation? And based on this, 2) which general implications follow from the challenges of embedding experimental activities in mundane urban development contexts? Our results illustrate that mundane settings are challenging sites for embedding urban experimentation within broader strategic urban planning and development. In the case studied, limited strategic planning resources and the absence of an up-to-date strategic framing for the neighborhood’s development makes it challenging to integrate, and learn from, the experiment within its broader planning context. Broader implications from this case suggest that limited institutional capacity to embed experimentation in mundane planning settings implies an extended role for researchers to support conditions for embedding. We also identify a need for both researchers and public planning agencies to continuously safeguard democratic legitimacy and prioritization of scarce strategic planning resources. Embedding can be a demanding learning strategy. Involved actors ought to closely assess available capacity for embedding and identify activities which might support embedding in order to establish favorable conditions.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Oldbury, Kelsey
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes. K2 – the Swedish Knowledge Centre for Public Transport, Lund, Sweden.
    Isaksson, Karolina
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes. K2 – the Swedish Knowledge Centre for Public Transport, Lund, Sweden; Department of Urban Planning and Environment, The Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm (KTH), Sweden.
    Strategic Planning Capacities in a Time of Platformisation2023In: Nordic Journal of Urban Studies, E-ISSN 2703-8866, Vol. 3, no 2, p. 4-20Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The influx of digital platforms into the mobility sector has created a myriad of new forms of mobility services in urban transport. The proliferation of digital platforms raises questions regarding public actors’ strategic planning capacities in times of platformisation. In this paper, focus is directed towards Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) as an example of platformisation taking place in a setting where public actors have (in theory) had an opportunity to influence platform developments in relation to urban and mobility planning. Based on qualitative research into a pilot project for MaaS in the Stockholm region, the aim of this paper is to provide insights into the relationship between platformisation and strategic planning. More specifically, we discuss how local and regional organisations with responsibilities for urban transport and land-use planning navigate and respond to the ongoing platformisation of urban mobility, from a strategic planning perspective. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Daniels, David
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics.
    Eek, Magnus
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Vehicle Systems and Driving Simulation..
    The airport as an energy hub2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This report explores the concept of the airport as an energy hub in the decarbonizing transportation and energy systems. The airport, transitioning from petroleum-based fuels to carbon-free alternatives like electricity, hydrogen, or biofuels, could help reduce the aviation sector’s carbon footprint. Beyond providing electricity for flight itself or producing fossil-free aviation fuels, electrifying airport ground operations would further integrate the airport into the electricity grid, reduce local emissions, and contribute to global greenhouse gas mitigation. With its existing transportation and logistics links, the airport could also play a coordinating role in future transportation energy demands, contribute to local energy markets, and support grid stability. Incorporating renewable energy and storage systems and potentially producing fossil-free fuels positions the airport as a two-way hub in both the transportation and energy systems, helping to balance multiple objectives in achieving economy-wide sustainability targets.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Pyddoke, Roger
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics.
    Lind, Joar
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics.
    Policies for internalizing externalities from car transport in two Swedish cities2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Cities around the world contemplate how the transports of the city can be greened by shifting passenger transport demand from private car to more sustainable modes. Car users in cities frequently do not fully pay for the externalities (for example congestion, delays, accidents, noise, and air pollution) they cause other car users and citizens. This paper models and compares the effects of welfare optimized parking charges, congestion taxes, and kilometre taxes in Malmö and Uppsala in Sweden, internalization of externalities, welfare and shift of demand from car use to other modes. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Ahmed, Abubeker W
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Larsson, Magnus
    WSP, Sweden.
    Said, Safwat
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Utilizing GPR and FWD for Pavement Structural Assessment and Moisture Detection2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Asphalt pavement performance is affected by the presence of water(moisture). Increased moisture within the road structure can result in substantial cost increase for the for society. Research have showed that significant portion of the road sections need early maintenance measures regardless of traffic volume due to moisture-related damages. Monitoring moisture conditions, preferably using a non-destructive continuous method, offers important information into the decision-making and selecting appropriate maintenance intervention. Furthermore, understanding moisture conditions is critical for accurately interpreting automatic road condition measurements, especially during the spring (thawing) when the roads exhibit the lowest load bearing capacity due to increased levels of moisture.

    This study employed a multi-receiver ground penetrating radar (GPR) and a falling weight deflectometer (FWD) devices to assess moisture levels and structural condition of field and indoor full-scale test roads. The groundwater level of the test road was varied by introducing water to the system. The results revealed an apparent correlation between the FWD and the average GPR velocity measurements. The GPR measurements provided a relative water content of the test roads. Further exploration of other GPR parameters, such as frequency, magnitude, and amplitude of the GPR signal is recommended.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Anund, Anna
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, The Human in the Transport system..
    SAFEWAY2SCHOOL: Deliverable D10.5 Final report2012Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Going to and from school is a daily journey for millions of children around Europe. The crash statistics is lacking information about the exact number of child causalities during those trips, but available sources identify the most dangerous situation as the way to and from school buses, situations when the children are unprotected road users. In addition there are several proofs for the need of a door to door perspective in order to improve the safety for the children. SAFEWAY2SCHOOL aimed to design, develop, integrate and evaluate technologies for providing a holistic and safe transportation service for children, from their door to the school door and vice versa, encompassing tools, services and training for all key actors in the chain.

    The project has a user-oriented approach and the European Union (EU) FRAME approach has been used for a stepwise process with a starting point in user wishes, moving on to identification of those in relation to the system being developed, formalisation of them into user needs and combine them into use cases. This is the ground for the definition of the system requirements. The requirements were grouped into blocks of functions.

    The functional blocks identified based on system requirements were:

    • safe route planning
    • information and warning
    • bus driver information
    • notification
    • training and education

    The results are positive, showing cost effective solutions with high acceptance for the holistic approach but also for most of the sub systems behind. However, no chain is stronger than the weakest link and this is true also when it comes to school transportation. Based on a very extensive work to identify future work with standardisations and policy the most essential improvements identified were related to school travel plans, sign at all bus stops and improved driver education.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Pyddoke, Roger
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics.
    Konkurrens på marknaderna för upphandlad kollektivtrafik2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Studies of competition in the procured Swedish public transport have been few. The purpose of this report is to investigate what regional public transport authorities (PTAs), advisory authorities such as the Swedish Transport Administration, and the government can do to increase goal fulfilment and by increasing the use of competition in the procurement of traffic. The report constitutes a compilation and discussion of recommendations for how the procurement of public transport should be done based on existing research and investingation literature.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Anund, Anna
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, The Human in the Transport system..
    Weidel, My
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, The Human in the Transport system..
    Berlin, Clara
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Human Factors in the Transport System.
    Ahlström, Christer
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, The Human in the Transport system..
    Säkerhetsförare på autonoma bussar: Uppmärksamhet och trötthet : en explorativ studie2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Experimental activities and studies with small autonomous buses (shuttles) in urban areas are becoming more common. As of yet, a safety driver who can take over control when the vehicle does not fulfil its task is usually required. In practice, this means that the safety driver is ultimately responsible for ensuring that the journey is safe, both for passengers and for surrounding road users. The aim of the present study was to study the safety driver's work environment, with special focus on fatigue and inattention. The study was conducted in Linköping in collaboration with the mobility arena "Ride the future". In total 8 drivers participated in the study. The study was exploratory, and the data collection was conducted in normal operation during normal work shifts. Data were collected during the first and last hour of an afternoon session. The results from these two sessions have then been compared. Drivers' alertness has been measured with self-reported drowsiness (KSS) and via blink measures (blink duration and long blinks) as well as heart rate-based measures (heart rate variability). Furthermore, drivers' eye movements have been identified to describe how drivers search the surroundings while driving.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Johansson, Glenn
    et al.
    Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Fedje, Karin Karlfeldt
    Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Recycling and Waste Management, Renova AB, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Modin, Oskar
    Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Haeger-Eugensson, Marie
    COWI AB, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Uhl, Wolfgang
    Aquateam COWI AS, Oslo, Norway.
    Andersson-Sköld, Yvonne
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Environment. Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Strömvall, Ann-Margret
    Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Removal and release of microplastics and other environmental pollutants during the start-up of bioretention filters treating stormwater2024In: Journal of Hazardous Materials, ISSN 0304-3894, E-ISSN 1873-3336, Vol. 468, article id 133532Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Untreated stormwater is a major source of microplastics, organic pollutants, metals, and nutrients in urban water courses. The aim of this study was to improve the knowledge about the start-up periods of bioretention filters. A rain garden pilot facility with 13 bioretention filters was constructed and stormwater from a highway and adjacent impervious surfaces was used for irrigation for ∼12 weeks. Selected plants (Armeria maritima, Hippophae rhamnoides, Juncus effusus, and Festuca rubra) was planted in ten filters. Stormwater percolated through the filters containing waste-to-energy bottom ash, biochar, or Sphagnum peat, mixed with sandy loam. Influent and effluent samples were taken to evaluate removal of the above-mentioned pollutants.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download (pdf)
    appendix
  • Wallén Warner, Henriette
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Andersson, Jan
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users.
    Hurtig, Anders
    Högskolan Dalarna, Sverige.
    Andersérs, Caroline
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Mobility, actors and planning processes.
    Ceci, Ruggero
    Trafikverket, Sverige.
    Andrén, Peter
    Andréns Datamani, Sverige.
    Cykelförmåga under alkoholpåverkan: Testbanestudie2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Even though cycling under the influence of alcohol increases the risk of injury and accidents, we still have limited knowledge about how alcohol affects the cyclist. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of increasing alcohol intoxication on several abilities required to cycle safely on a test track. Twenty-eight participants, 19 in an experimental group and nine in a control group, cycled a test course set up in a canceled parking lot. The participants' task was to i) cycle slalom around nine plastic cones, ii) cycle as straight as possible on a line drawn in the middle of a cone-shaped cornet and sometimes ring the bell, iii) cycle as slowly as possible and stop to put a foot down at each stop line and iv) stop with both feet and the whole bike within each stop square. The participants in the experimental group were repeatedly provided with alcohol (the goal was that they should reach 1.0 per mille) while the participants in the control group were sober throughout the trial. During the trial, we measured how the intake of alcohol affected alcohol concentration, perceived alcohol intoxication, cycling performance, self-rated cycling ability, cognition, and perception. Furthermore, we measured thrill-seeking as well as attitude, norm, control, intention, and also past and subsequent behaviour to cycle under the influence of alcohol in real traffic. The results indicate that many abilities required to cycle safely were impaired by the influence of alcohol. This impairment was statistically significant from an average alcohol concentration of 0.7 per mille. From an average alcohol concentration of 0.2 per mille a tendency towards deterioration could however be seen. At the same time, the results show that cycling under the influence of alcohol was relatively common among the participants.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Zhu, Jiqing
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Ahmed, Abubeker W
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Dinegdae, Yared
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Waldemarson, Andreas
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Infrastructure, Pavement Technology.
    Investigation on Ageing Behaviour of Bio-Extended Bituminous Binders and Asphalt Mixtures for Sustainable Road Infrastructure2024In: Transport Research Arena (TRA), Dublin, Ireland, 15 - 18 April, 2024, 2024Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates the use of a plant-based bio-oil in bituminous binders as a partial replacement of petroleum-based bitumen for asphalt mixtures. Its effects on the ageing behaviour of bituminous binders and asphalt mixtures are studied. A total of six bituminous binders and their asphalt mixtures were prepared and analysed in laboratory, including three different binder formulations with varying percentages of bio-oil and their respective reference binders. Both the bituminous binders and asphalt mixtures were subjected to ageing protocols in laboratory. Softening point test, rheological and dynamic mechanical analyses were conducted to evaluate the changes in properties of the materials before and after ageing. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of aged binders and mixtures show very similar relationships as between the fresh materials, but the relationships after ageing are at changed levels due to the laboratory conditioning. This supports further studies to verify their functional performance in asphalt pavements.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • Bremberg Gårdinger, Max
    et al.
    Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Johansson, Robert
    Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Lidestam, Björn
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Selander, Helena
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Traffic and road users, Driver and vehicle.
    Validation of a computerized driving simulator test of cognitive abilities for fitness-to-drive assessments2024In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 14, article id 1294965Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Driving requires a series of cognitive abilities, many of which are affected by age and medical conditions. The psychosocial importance of continued driving ushers the need for valid measurements in fitness-to-drive assessments. A driving simulator test could prove useful in these assessments, having greater face validity than other off-road tests and being more cost-effective and safer than ordinary on-road testing. The aim of this study was to validate a driving simulator test for assessment of cognitive ability in fitness-to-drive assessments.

    The study included 67 healthy participants. Internal consistency of the simulator subtests was estimated. A correlation analysis between results on the simulator and the cognitive tests Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B and the Useful field of View test (UFOV) and multiple regression analysis were conducted. Finally, a comparison of results between age groups (>65 years) and (<65 years) was done.

     

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext